如果有夢在心中，那就去追尋吧!

首先先按照圖規劃網路架構
http://ms93.nttu.edu.tw/~u9311120/route.jpg
分別設定三台route的fastEthernet0跟Serial0
由左至右以下簡寫A、B、C

A:f0 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
S0 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 （連接route B） DTE

B:f0 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
S0 172.16.4.1 255.255.255.0 （連接route C） DCE
S1 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 （連接route A） DCE

C:f0 172.16.5.1 255.255.255.0
S0 172.16.4.2 255.255.255.0 （連接route B） DTE

註:設定DTE跟DCE如同之前實驗部份

[1;32;40m◎設定static route部份(記得要在config ter下) [m

A：ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2
ip route 172.16.4.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2
ip route 172.16.5.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2

B：ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1
ip route 172.16.5.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.2

C: ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2
ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2
ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2

[1;32;40m◎或者使用Default route [m
B如同上面設定
A、C: ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0
一樣可以完成上面架構圖

最後用電腦透過跳線連接route
A route電腦端 ip 172.16.1.5 submask 255.255.255.0 gateway 172.16.1.1
B route電腦端 ip 172.16.3.6 submask 255.255.255.0 gateway 172.16.3.1
C route電腦端 ip 172.16.5.7 submask 255.255.255.0 gateway 172.16.5.1

測試方法:
例:在A route電腦端命令提示字元下 tracert 172.16.3.6
tracert 172.16.5.7
如果有正確繞送到目的端代表就ok了
表示網路架構已經透過static route完成

[1;32;40m◎透過RIP方式Routing [m

A:router rip
network 172.16.1.0
network 172.16.2.0
B:router rip
network 172.16.2.0
network 172.16.3.0
network 172.16.4.0
C:router rip
network 172.16.4.0
network 172.16.5.0

接著用show ip protocol看目前dynamic routing為哪種協定

Solution
In order to disable this feature, issue the no service config global command.

Router#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.

Router(config)#no service config

Router(config)#exit

Router#copy running-config startup-config
These error messages no longer appear at the next bootup of the router.

http://bbs.net130.com/showthread.php?t=81847

打show ip route時出現default-gateway is no set

解決方法

在configure ter底下打上ip routing

e-Lab
ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1 255

ping 192.168.3.0不通
檢查步驟
show ip interface brief
show ip route
configure terminal
ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2


copy running-config startup-config == write memory

default route

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1

show running-config

show ip route

用ping跟traceroute檢查網路是否有通

==============================================================================
1.distance vector routing algorithm 使用Bellman-Ford algorithm每個route只會知
道自己跟鄰近route的距離

而不紀錄全部的route

2.The link-state algorithm is also known as Dijkstra's algorithm or as the
shortest path first (SPF) algorithm

==============================================================================
1.Path determination occurs at the network layer

2.The switching function is the internal process used by a router to accept a
packet

on one interface and forward it to a second interface on the same router

==============================================================================
router RIP

network 要加入routing的ip

RIP was originally specified in RFC 1058. Its key characteristics include the
following:
1.It is a distance vector routing protocol.
2.Hop count is used as the metric for path selection
3.If the hop count is greater than 15, the packet is discarded
4.Routing updates are broadcast every 30 seconds, by default

IGRP is a proprietary protocol developed by Cisco. Some of the IGRP key
design characteristics are as follows:
1.It is a distance vector routing protocol.
2.Bandwidth, load, delay and reliability are used to create a composite
metric.
3.Routing updates are broadcast every 90 seconds, by default

OSPF is a nonproprietary link-state routing protocol
1.It is a link-state routing protocol.
2.It is an open standard routing protocol described in RFC 2328.
3.The SPF algorithm is used to calculate the lowest cost to a destination.
4.Routing updates are flooded as topology changes occur.

EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary enhanced distance vector routing protocol. The
key characteristics of EIGRP are as follows:
1.It is an enhanced distance vector routing protocol.
2.It uses unequal cost load balancing.
3.It uses a combination of distance vector and link-state features.
4.It uses Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) to calculate the shortest path
5.Routing updates are multicast using 224.0.0.10 triggered by topology changes

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an exterior routing protocol. The key
characteristics of BGP are as follows:
1.It is a distance vector exterior routing protocol
2.It is used between ISPs or ISPs and clients.
3.It is used to route Internet traffic between autonomous systems.

結論：除了OSPF是link-state之外，其餘都是vector distance
BGP是外部路由協定，其餘都是內部路由協定

http://franky-it.blogspot.com/2007/05/rommon-mode-cisco.html

如果在rommon模式下打confreg發現以下訊息

[1;31;40mboot: the ROM Monitor [m

就是要改boot的設定

參考網頁吧!

1.工與善其事，必先利其器

2.IOS還是要用tftp下載的比較快，用Xmodem下載你會想哭

3.神奇的ip route

=======================================================================
手動設定ip route的兩種方法

1.ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0
destination net subnet mask outgoing interface

◎ [1;31;40mNext-Hop [m
2.ip route 192.168.14.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1
gateway

要注意要設定route一定是設定這個router沒有直接連到的區段

有直接連線的就不需要routing

設定Default Route

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1

show ip route //顯示ip route

◎進入global configuration
1.configure terminal
2.hostname myhostname //設定hostname

◎設定console0~4密碼
1.line console 0
2.password cisco
3.login
4.exit

◎設定telnet密碼
1.line vty 0 4
2.password cisco
3.login
4.enable password cisco //加密密碼
5.enable secret class //加密secret密碼

◎組態查看
show controllers serial – 顯示指定的介面硬體的資訊
show interfaces serial 0/1
show clock
show host - 顯示在快取的主機名稱和位址的清單
show history - 顯示曾經輸入的歷史指令
show flash - 顯示快閃記憶體資訊和儲存在那裡的 IOS 檔
show version - 顯示目前載入的軟體版本及硬體和設備資訊
show arp - 顯示路由器的 ARP 表格
show protocols -顯示全域和特定介面的任何組態的第3層的協定的狀況

---------以下要Privileged Mode------------

show startup-config - 顯示儲存在 NVRAM 的組態檔
show running-config - 顯示目前執行中的組態檔或特定 介面的組態，或對映分級資訊
的內容

◎設定interface的ip (show running-config)
1.configure terminal - Global configuration mode
2.interface fastethernet0
3.ip address 192.168.X.X 255.255.255.X
4.no shutdown //啟動介面 (shutdown 關閉介面)
5.description 註解內容 //為此介面設定註解

◎設定router table
1.1.configure terminal
2.ip host 主機名稱 主機ip
3.copy running-config startup-config //儲存目前設定到NVRAM
注意在這裡他會問你要不要erase flash[confirm]:n
千萬不要Y，不然就準備重抓IOS了！！

ip route 192.168.15.0 255.255.255.0 s0
destination subnet outgoing
address mask interface

c1700-y-mz.123-9c.bin //IOS版本資訊

DCE (clock rate 56000)注意連接的線是有孔的那一端
------------------
enable
configure terminal
cdp run
interface Serial0 //目前的連接
ip address 192.168.15.1 255.255.255.0
bandwidth 56
clockrate 56000
cdp enable
no shutdown

-----------------------------------------------------------------
DTE(no clock)注意連接的線有針的那一端
-----------------------------------------------------------------
enable
configure terminal
cdp run
interface Serial0
ip address 192.168.15.2 255.255.255.0
cdp enable
no shutdown

-----------------------------------------------------------------
ip host jerry 192.168.15.1 //設定主機別名

如此一來才可直接使用connect jerry去連接router

否則會顯示找不到的錯誤訊息

show hosts可以顯示全部紀錄的訊息

show cdp neighbor 命令 (縮寫成 sh cdp nei)
-----------------------------------------------------------
將cisco的IOS備份到TFTP上

首先要在XP下架設TFTP SERVER

http://www.tftp-server.com/

找到SERVER下載並且安裝

然後要打開可以存取的IP在

SERVER->virtual TFTP Folders->將router的ip加入並且開放read/write權限

然後用終端機連接到router

enable

copy c1700-y-mz.123-9c.bin tftp
IOS的名稱

192.168.15.1 //tftp server的ip

顯示！！！代表開始備份了
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
從tftp下載IOS到router

rommon模式進入的方法有兩種

其一:在開機的時候按下Ctrl+Break

其二:當IOS不見的時候重開機會進入ROMMON模式

在rommon模式下先將相關參數設定

IP_ADDRESS=192.168.15.1 //router的ip
IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY=192.168.15.2 //指到TFTP SERVER去
TFTP_SERVER=192.168.15.2 //TFTP SERVER的IP
TFTP_FILE=c1700-y-mz.123-9c.bin //要下載的IOS檔名

接著使用tftpdnld

會問你要不要開始按下y

接著等下載完他寫入flash後就ok了，要等一段時間

boot flash:c1700-y-mz.123-9c.bin //指定由哪裡載入IOS

實驗設備:cisco1700

終端機連線設定:

9600baud、8 data bit、no parity、1 stop bit、no flow control
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
show ver //顯示IOS版本資訊

show flash //看flash的大小，flash是放IOS的地方

erase startup-config //將目前的設定從NVRAM中移除

reload //將router restart and reset configuration

show running-config //顯示目前使用的組態

enable //進入privileaged EXEC mode(簡稱EXEC mode)，使用enable secret

若無則使用enbale password

disable //進入User mode，與EXEC mode差別在於只能看不能設定

clock set 19:50:00 14 October 2007 //設定時間

show history //顯示命令暫存器的內容

terminal no editing //關閉進階編輯的功能，使用在不能支援上下左右的終端機

要設定的configuration有
1.hostname
2.enable secret //單向加密(one way encryption)
3.enable password //明文儲存，建議與secret不同
4.virtual terminal password //尚不知道其功能